"grippe" meaning in All languages combined

See grippe on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ɡɹɪp/ Forms: grippes [plural], grip [alternative]
Rhymes: -ɪp Etymology: Borrowed from French grippe, from gripper (“to seize, snatch”), from Frankish *grīpan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, to grasp”). Borrowed from French into many languages of the world. More at gripe. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|fr|grippe}} French grippe, {{der|en|frk|*grīpan}} Frankish *grīpan, {{der|en|gem-pro|*grīpaną}} Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, {{der|en|ine-pro|*gʰreyb-||to grab, to grasp}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, to grasp”) Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} grippe (countable and uncountable, plural grippes)
  1. (pathology, dated) Influenza, the flu. Tags: countable, dated, uncountable Derived forms: grippal, grippy Related terms: catarrh, cold, Spanish fever
    Sense id: en-grippe-en-noun-LWcYO33n Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries, Pathology, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 6 entries: 36 17 1 9 2 1 1 1 28 2 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 34 17 1 14 2 1 1 0 27 1 1 Topics: medicine, pathology, sciences

Noun [Estonian]

Head templates: {{head|et|noun form}} grippe
  1. partitive plural of gripp Tags: form-of, partitive, plural Form of: gripp
    Sense id: en-grippe-et-noun-YtIbIKd1 Categories (other): Estonian entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries

Noun [French]

IPA: /ɡʁip/ Audio: Fr-grippe.ogg Forms: grippes [plural]
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der. Proto-Germanic *grīpaną Frankish *grīpander. Old French *gripper French gripper French grippe From gripper. Etymology templates: {{etymon|fr|gripper<t:to grab, to grasp>|tree=+}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der. Proto-Germanic *grīpaną Frankish *grīpander. Old French *gripper French gripper French grippe [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "to grab, grasp", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*gʰreyb-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*grīpaną", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Frankish", "term" : "*grīpan", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "frk" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "*gripper", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "gripper", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "grippe", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" }" data-lang="fr" data-title="grippe"> Head templates: {{fr-noun|f}} grippe f (plural grippes)
  1. influenza; flu Tags: feminine Derived forms: grippe aviaire, grippe porcine, prendre en grippe
    Sense id: en-grippe-fr-noun-qobVCQ9d

Verb [French]

IPA: /ɡʁip/ Audio: Fr-grippe.ogg
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der. Proto-Germanic *grīpaną Frankish *grīpander. Old French *gripper French gripper French grippe From gripper. Etymology templates: {{etymon|fr|gripper<t:to grab, to grasp>|tree=+}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der. Proto-Germanic *grīpaną Frankish *grīpander. Old French *gripper French gripper French grippe [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "to grab, grasp", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*gʰreyb-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*grīpaną", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Frankish", "term" : "*grīpan", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "frk" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "*gripper", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "gripper", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "grippe", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" }" data-lang="fr" data-title="grippe"> Head templates: {{head|fr|verb form}} grippe
  1. inflection of gripper:
    first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
    Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person Form of: gripper
    Sense id: en-grippe-fr-verb-TFr32aVT Categories (other): French entries with etymology trees, French entries with etymon, French entries with incorrect language header, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of French entries with etymology trees: 4 65 32 Disambiguation of French entries with etymon: 4 76 19 Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 2 69 29 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 5 73 22 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 4 61 35 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 5 73 22
  2. inflection of gripper:
    second-person singular imperative
    Tags: form-of, imperative, second-person, singular Form of: gripper
    Sense id: en-grippe-fr-verb-75tHKsZu Categories (other): Viral diseases Disambiguation of Viral diseases: 14 33 53

Noun [Middle English]

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|var=1}} grippe
  1. alternative form of gripe (“grip”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: gripe (extra: grip)
    Sense id: en-grippe-enm-noun-jEOAKiqF Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 46 48 6
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun [Middle English]

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|var=1}} grippe
  1. alternative form of gripe (“griffin”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: gripe (extra: griffin)
    Sense id: en-grippe-enm-noun-GFdP9NBD Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 46 48 6
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun [Middle English]

IPA: /ˈɡrip(ə)/, /ˈɡriːp(ə)/ Forms: grippes [plural], gryppe [alternative], grip [alternative], grype [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English grēp, grēpe, from Proto-Germanic *grōpiz. Some forms are influenced by Old English grype. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|grēp}} Old English grēp, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*grōpiz}} Proto-Germanic *grōpiz, {{cog|ang|grype}} Old English grype Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|var=}} grippe, {{enm-noun|grippes}} grippe (plural grippes)
  1. A trench or indentation for drainage.
    Sense id: en-grippe-enm-noun-jlBnEdxQ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Noun [Norman]

Forms: grippes [plural]
Head templates: {{head|nrf|noun|||plural|grippes||||||{{{3}}}|f2accel-form=p|g=f|g2=|head=}} grippe f (plural grippes), {{nrf-noun|f}} grippe f (plural grippes)
  1. (Jersey, pathology) flu Tags: Jersey, feminine

Noun [Portuguese]

Forms: grippes [plural]
Head templates: {{pt-noun|f}} grippe f (plural grippes)
  1. obsolete spelling of gripe Tags: alt-of, feminine, obsolete Alternative form of: gripe
    Sense id: en-grippe-pt-noun-cFSv4ZNx Categories (other): Portuguese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 49 51

Verb [Portuguese]

Head templates: {{head|pt|verb form}} grippe
  1. obsolete spelling of gripe Tags: alt-of, obsolete Alternative form of: gripe
    Sense id: en-grippe-pt-verb-cFSv4ZNx Categories (other): Portuguese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 49 51

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "grippe",
      "grippe#French"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grīpan"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīpaną"
    ],
    [
      "*gʰreyb-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰreyb-"
    ],
    [
      "gripe",
      "gripe#English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "grippe"
      },
      "expansion": "French grippe",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*grīpan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *grīpan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grīpaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grīpaną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰreyb-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grab, to grasp"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, to grasp”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French grippe, from gripper (“to seize, snatch”), from Frankish *grīpan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, to grasp”). Borrowed from French into many languages of the world. More at gripe.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grip",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe (countable and uncountable, plural grippes)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 18th c.",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Pathology",
          "orig": "en:Pathology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 17 1 9 2 1 1 1 28 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 17 1 14 2 1 1 0 27 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "grippal"
        },
        {
          "word": "grippy"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              56,
              63
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1885, Public Health, Michigan, volume 2, page 39:",
          "text": "These other germs are the cause of colds and coughs and grippes.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              213,
              219
            ],
            [
              276,
              282
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IV, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:",
          "text": "\"Mid-Lent, and the Enemy grins,\" remarked Selwyn as he started for church with Nina and the children. Austin, knee-deep in a dozen Sunday supplements, refused to stir; poor little Eileen was now convalescent from grippe, but still unsteady on her legs; her maid had taken the grippe, and now moaned all day: \"Mon dieu! Mon dieu! Che fais mourir!\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              90,
              96
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1933, Frank Clune, Try Anything Once, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 80:",
          "text": "[T]hat day was the only holiday I had all the time I was in camp - except when I had the ‘grippe’ and nearly pegged out.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Influenza, the flu."
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-en-noun-LWcYO33n",
      "links": [
        [
          "pathology",
          "pathology"
        ],
        [
          "Influenza",
          "influenza"
        ],
        [
          "flu",
          "flu"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(pathology, dated) Influenza, the flu."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "catarrh"
        },
        {
          "word": "cold"
        },
        {
          "word": "Spanish fever"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "dated",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pathology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɹɪp/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪp"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grip"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "gripp"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "partitive plural of gripp"
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-et-noun-YtIbIKd1",
      "links": [
        [
          "gripp",
          "gripp#Estonian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Haitian Creole",
      "lang_code": "ht",
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Mauritian Creole",
      "lang_code": "mfe",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "lagrip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Réunion Creole French",
      "lang_code": "rcf",
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "lang_code": "sq",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Alemannic German",
      "lang_code": "gsw",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Grippi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "lang_code": "hy",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grip",
      "word": "գրիպ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "lang_code": "az",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "qrip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "lang_code": "be",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "hryp",
      "word": "грып"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grip",
      "word": "грип"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "lang_code": "af",
          "word": "griep"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "griep"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grippe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "lang_code": "et",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripp"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "griṗi",
      "word": "გრიპი"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Grippe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Greek",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grípi",
      "word": "γρίπη"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kildin Sami",
      "lang_code": "sjd",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grībp",
      "word": "грӣбп"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "lang_code": "ky",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "gripp",
      "word": "грипп"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ladino",
      "lang_code": "lad",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "lang_code": "lv",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "lang_code": "lt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripas"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Luxembourgish",
      "lang_code": "lb",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Gripp"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grip",
      "word": "грип"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrf",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grippe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grypa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripă"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "gripp",
      "word": "грипп"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Cyrillic script",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "word": "грип"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Latin script",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "word": "gripa"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "lang_code": "sl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Colombia",
        "Mexico"
      ],
      "word": "gripa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "lang_code": "tg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "gripp",
      "word": "грипп"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "lang_code": "tt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "gripp",
      "word": "грипп"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Laz",
          "lang_code": "lzz",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "gripi",
          "word": "გრიფი"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "lang_code": "tk",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "hryp",
      "word": "грип"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "lang_code": "uz",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripp"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*gʰreyb-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰreyb-"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīpaną"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grīpan"
    ],
    [
      "*gripper",
      "Reconstruction:Old French/gripper"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gripper<t:to grab, to grasp>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippe\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to grab, grasp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰreyb-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grīpaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*grīpan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"*gripper\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"gripper\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"grippe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"grippe\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippe\nFrom gripper.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe f (plural grippes)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "grippe aviaire"
        },
        {
          "word": "grippe porcine"
        },
        {
          "word": "prendre en grippe"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              25,
              31
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              29,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Sophie had a bad case of the flu last winter.",
          "text": "Sophie a eu une mauvaise grippe l’hiver dernier.",
          "translation": "Sophie had a bad case of the flu last winter.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              31,
              37
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              32,
              35
            ]
          ],
          "english": "How do you know if you have the flu or a cold?",
          "text": "Comment savoir si vous avez la grippe ou un rhume?",
          "translation": "How do you know if you have the flu or a cold?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "influenza; flu"
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-fr-noun-qobVCQ9d",
      "links": [
        [
          "influenza",
          "influenza"
        ],
        [
          "flu",
          "flu"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-grippe.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/Fr-grippe.ogg/Fr-grippe.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Fr-grippe.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grippes"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grippent"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*gʰreyb-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰreyb-"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīpaną"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grīpan"
    ],
    [
      "*gripper",
      "Reconstruction:Old French/gripper"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gripper<t:to grab, to grasp>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippe\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to grab, grasp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰreyb-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grīpaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*grīpan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"*gripper\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"gripper\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"grippe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"grippe\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippe\nFrom gripper.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 65 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 76 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 69 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 73 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 61 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 73 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "gripper"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of gripper:",
        "first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive"
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-fr-verb-TFr32aVT",
      "links": [
        [
          "gripper",
          "gripper#French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 33 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Viral diseases",
          "orig": "fr:Viral diseases",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "gripper"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of gripper:",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-fr-verb-75tHKsZu",
      "links": [
        [
          "gripper",
          "gripper#French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-grippe.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/Fr-grippe.ogg/Fr-grippe.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Fr-grippe.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grippes"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grippent"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "grip",
          "word": "gripe"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 48 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of gripe (“grip”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-enm-noun-jEOAKiqF",
      "links": [
        [
          "gripe",
          "gripe#Middle_English:_grip"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "griffin",
          "word": "gripe"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 48 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of gripe (“griffin”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-enm-noun-GFdP9NBD",
      "links": [
        [
          "gripe",
          "gripe#Middle_English:_griffin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "gripe"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "grēp",
      "grep#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "grēpe",
      "grepe#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*grōpiz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grōpiz"
    ],
    [
      "grype",
      "grype#Old_English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_number": "3",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "grēp"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English grēp",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grōpiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grōpiz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "grype"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English grype",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English grēp, grēpe, from Proto-Germanic *grōpiz. Some forms are influenced by Old English grype.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gryppe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grip",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grype",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grippes"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe (plural grippes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A trench or indentation for drainage."
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-enm-noun-jlBnEdxQ"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡrip(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡriːp(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "grippes",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "f2accel-form": "p",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "grippe f (plural grippes)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe f (plural grippes)",
      "name": "nrf-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norman",
  "lang_code": "nrf",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Jersey Norman",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "nrf",
          "name": "Pathology",
          "orig": "nrf:Pathology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "flu"
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-nrf-noun-kvdaM9WJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "pathology",
          "pathology"
        ],
        [
          "flu",
          "flu"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Jersey, pathology) flu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jersey",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pathology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe f (plural grippes)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "gripe"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "obsolete spelling of gripe"
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-pt-noun-cFSv4ZNx",
      "links": [
        [
          "gripe",
          "gripe#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "gripe"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "obsolete spelling of gripe"
      ],
      "id": "en-grippe-pt-verb-cFSv4ZNx",
      "links": [
        [
          "gripe",
          "gripe#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "grippal"
    },
    {
      "word": "grippy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "grippe",
      "grippe#French"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grīpan"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīpaną"
    ],
    [
      "*gʰreyb-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰreyb-"
    ],
    [
      "gripe",
      "gripe#English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "grippe"
      },
      "expansion": "French grippe",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*grīpan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *grīpan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grīpaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grīpaną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰreyb-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grab, to grasp"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, to grasp”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French grippe, from gripper (“to seize, snatch”), from Frankish *grīpan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, to grasp”). Borrowed from French into many languages of the world. More at gripe.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grip",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe (countable and uncountable, plural grippes)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "catarrh"
    },
    {
      "word": "cold"
    },
    {
      "word": "Spanish fever"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 18th c.",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
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        "English dated terms",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms borrowed from French",
        "English terms derived from Frankish",
        "English terms derived from French",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms with homophones",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "Rhymes:English/ɪp",
        "Rhymes:English/ɪp/1 syllable",
        "en:Pathology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              56,
              63
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1885, Public Health, Michigan, volume 2, page 39:",
          "text": "These other germs are the cause of colds and coughs and grippes.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              213,
              219
            ],
            [
              276,
              282
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IV, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:",
          "text": "\"Mid-Lent, and the Enemy grins,\" remarked Selwyn as he started for church with Nina and the children. Austin, knee-deep in a dozen Sunday supplements, refused to stir; poor little Eileen was now convalescent from grippe, but still unsteady on her legs; her maid had taken the grippe, and now moaned all day: \"Mon dieu! Mon dieu! Che fais mourir!\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              90,
              96
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1933, Frank Clune, Try Anything Once, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 80:",
          "text": "[T]hat day was the only holiday I had all the time I was in camp - except when I had the ‘grippe’ and nearly pegged out.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Influenza, the flu."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pathology",
          "pathology"
        ],
        [
          "Influenza",
          "influenza"
        ],
        [
          "flu",
          "flu"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(pathology, dated) Influenza, the flu."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "dated",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pathology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɹɪp/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪp"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grip"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
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  ],
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    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "noun form"
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      "expansion": "grippe",
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  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "noun",
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          "word": "gripp"
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          "gripp",
          "gripp#Estonian"
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  "word": "grippe"
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{
  "categories": [
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    "French countable nouns",
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    "French entries with etymon",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French feminine nouns",
    "French lemmas",
    "French non-lemma forms",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms derived from Frankish",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with homophones",
    "French verb forms",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "fr:Viral diseases"
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    {
      "word": "grippe aviaire"
    },
    {
      "word": "grippe porcine"
    },
    {
      "word": "prendre en grippe"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Haitian Creole",
      "lang_code": "ht",
      "word": "grip"
    },
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      "lang": "Mauritian Creole",
      "lang_code": "mfe",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "lagrip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Réunion Creole French",
      "lang_code": "rcf",
      "word": "grip"
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    {
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      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
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      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Alemannic German",
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        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Grippi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "lang_code": "hy",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grip",
      "word": "գրիպ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "lang_code": "az",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "qrip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "lang_code": "be",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "hryp",
      "word": "грып"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grip",
      "word": "грип"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "lang_code": "af",
          "word": "griep"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "griep"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grippe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "lang_code": "et",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripp"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "griṗi",
      "word": "გრიპი"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Grippe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Greek",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grípi",
      "word": "γρίπη"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kildin Sami",
      "lang_code": "sjd",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grībp",
      "word": "грӣбп"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "lang_code": "ky",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "gripp",
      "word": "грипп"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ladino",
      "lang_code": "lad",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "lang_code": "lv",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "lang_code": "lt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripas"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Luxembourgish",
      "lang_code": "lb",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Gripp"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "grip",
      "word": "грип"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrf",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grippe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grypa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripă"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "gripp",
      "word": "грипп"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Cyrillic script",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "word": "грип"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Latin script",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "word": "gripa"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "lang_code": "sl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripe"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Colombia",
        "Mexico"
      ],
      "word": "gripa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "lang_code": "tg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "gripp",
      "word": "грипп"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "lang_code": "tt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "gripp",
      "word": "грипп"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Laz",
          "lang_code": "lzz",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "gripi",
          "word": "გრიფი"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "lang_code": "tk",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "hryp",
      "word": "грип"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "lang_code": "uz",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripp"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*gʰreyb-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰreyb-"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīpaną"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grīpan"
    ],
    [
      "*gripper",
      "Reconstruction:Old French/gripper"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ]
  ],
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      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gripper<t:to grab, to grasp>",
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      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippe\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to grab, grasp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰreyb-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grīpaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*grīpan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"*gripper\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"gripper\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"grippe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"grippe\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippe\nFrom gripper.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
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      "expansion": "grippe f (plural grippes)",
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    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              25,
              31
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              29,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Sophie had a bad case of the flu last winter.",
          "text": "Sophie a eu une mauvaise grippe l’hiver dernier.",
          "translation": "Sophie had a bad case of the flu last winter.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              31,
              37
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              32,
              35
            ]
          ],
          "english": "How do you know if you have the flu or a cold?",
          "text": "Comment savoir si vous avez la grippe ou un rhume?",
          "translation": "How do you know if you have the flu or a cold?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "influenza; flu"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "influenza",
          "influenza"
        ],
        [
          "flu",
          "flu"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-grippe.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/Fr-grippe.ogg/Fr-grippe.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Fr-grippe.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grippes"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grippent"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "categories": [
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    "French lemmas",
    "French non-lemma forms",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms derived from Frankish",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
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    "French terms with homophones",
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    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
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    "fr:Viral diseases"
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰreyb-"
    ],
    [
      "*grīpaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīpaną"
    ],
    [
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grīpan"
    ],
    [
      "*gripper",
      "Reconstruction:Old French/gripper"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ],
    [
      "gripper",
      "gripper#French"
    ]
  ],
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      "args": {
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      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippe\nFrom gripper.",
  "head_templates": [
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        "2": "verb form"
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      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
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  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "gripper"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of gripper:",
        "first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gripper",
          "gripper#French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "gripper"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of gripper:",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gripper",
          "gripper#French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-grippe.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/Fr-grippe.ogg/Fr-grippe.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Fr-grippe.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grippes"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "grippent"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English variant lemmas",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "grip",
          "word": "gripe"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of gripe (“grip”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gripe",
          "gripe#Middle_English:_grip"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English variant lemmas",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "griffin",
          "word": "gripe"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of gripe (“griffin”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gripe",
          "gripe#Middle_English:_griffin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "grip"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "gripe"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "grēp",
      "grep#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "grēpe",
      "grepe#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*grōpiz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grōpiz"
    ],
    [
      "grype",
      "grype#Old_English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_number": "3",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "grēp"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English grēp",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grōpiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grōpiz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "grype"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English grype",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English grēp, grēpe, from Proto-Germanic *grōpiz. Some forms are influenced by Old English grype.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gryppe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grip",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grype",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grippes"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe (plural grippes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A trench or indentation for drainage."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡrip(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡriːp(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "grippes",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "f2accel-form": "p",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "grippe f (plural grippes)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe f (plural grippes)",
      "name": "nrf-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norman",
  "lang_code": "nrf",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Jersey Norman",
        "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
        "Norman feminine nouns",
        "Norman lemmas",
        "Norman nouns",
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "nrf:Pathology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "flu"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pathology",
          "pathology"
        ],
        [
          "flu",
          "flu"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Jersey, pathology) flu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jersey",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pathology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Portuguese countable nouns",
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese feminine nouns",
    "Portuguese lemmas",
    "Portuguese non-lemma forms",
    "Portuguese nouns",
    "Portuguese verb forms"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe f (plural grippes)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "gripe"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese obsolete forms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "obsolete spelling of gripe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gripe",
          "gripe#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Portuguese countable nouns",
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese feminine nouns",
    "Portuguese lemmas",
    "Portuguese non-lemma forms",
    "Portuguese nouns",
    "Portuguese verb forms"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "grippe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "gripe"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese obsolete forms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "obsolete spelling of gripe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gripe",
          "gripe#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grippe"
}

Download raw JSONL data for grippe meaning in All languages combined (21.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.